Monarchy

Topic

Government

Government

Monarchy

Republic

Theocracy

Tribal

See also: Ruler#Monarchy

Monarchy is a form of government where power is held by a single individual, i.e. the monarch. The ruler reigns until death. Several mechanics, such as royal marriages and personal unions, are mostly limited to monarchical forms of governments.

All monarchies receive:

• +5% Nobility influence

Legitimacy

Legitimacy is a rating for how legitimate the ruling monarch is perceived to be by the general population. This property ranges between 0 and 100. With the Mandate of Heaven expansion, the Celestial Empire doesn't use legitimacy.

Junior partners in a personal union share their overlord's legitimacy. Effects that would increase or decrease legitimacy (e.g. the "Seek Support of the Clergy" clergy estate interaction) do not affect legitimacy in a junior partner.

The effects of legitimacy scale linearly from the worst at 0 to the best at 100:

Variable	0%	50%	100%
National unrest	+2	0	−2
Religious tolerance [1]	−1	0	+1
Diplomatic reputation	−1	0	+1
Income from vassals	−5%	0	+5%
Militarization of state	−0.025	0	+0.025
Maximum absolutism	−10	0	+10

^[1] – Global effect, i.e. affects true faith, heretic and heathen religious tolerance.

Legitimacy modifiers

There are two main ways for legitimacy to either increase or decrease, these are called active and passive modifiers.

Active modifiers

Active modifiers are those that are dependent on the players actions.

• Royal marriages. These usually give a small, one-time decrease to legitimacy, particularly if the royal match comes from a less powerful realm. Legitimacy gain is then increased.
• Events. Sometimes there appear events that can either increase or decrease legitimacy.
• Papal Influence. Catholics can spend 50 Papal Influence to increase legitimacy by +1.0 per year for 20 years.
• Succession. Depending on the claim strength of the heir, may legitimacy become low, if weak, medium, if average, or high, if strong, upon succession to the throne. Legitimacy upon succession will be the claim strength assigned to the heir; legitimacy of the previous ruler is not counted.
• Pretender rebels, if they enforce their demands, will install a new ruler with strong claim, thus increasing legitimacy.
• Strengthen government gives +10 legitimacy for 100 military power

Passive modifiers

Passive modifiers are not dependent on player action, instead they rely on existing variables. The following shown examples are calculated yearly.

• +0.1 for each royal marriage.
• +1 with Righteous ruler personality
• +1 for being a Lucky Nation
• −2.0 by having a regency council in power.
• +1.0 if the government is a constitutional monarchy.
• +0.25 for the chinaware trading bonus.
• −1.0 for each point of negative stability to a maximum of −3.
• +0.005 for each point of Power projection.
• −1.0 if the target of Sow Discontent covert action.
• −0.5 for owning an unlawful imperial territory.
• Implemented decisions, national ideas and events.
• Prestige affects legitimacy linearly, so:
  • If −100 then −1.
  • If +100 then +1.
• +0.5 for a Muslim country holding Mecca and Medina
• +0.5 for enacting Legitimize government as a Coptic nation (requires Rights of Man DLC)
• +0.25 for assimilating Byzantine culture group as Mughals

National ideas and policies affecting yearly legitimacy:

	Traditions	Ideas	Bonuses	Policies
+1.5	—	Holy Roman idea 1: The Imperial Throne	—	—
+1.0	Andean traditions Imperial German traditions Montferrat traditions Norman traditions Roman traditions Tarascan traditions Trebizondian traditions Württemberger traditions	Afghan idea 6: Institutionalized Loya Jirga Air idea 3: Legacy of Tin Hinan Arakanese idea 1: Mrauk U Dynasty Ardabili idea 7: Shahs of Iran Asakura idea 5: Seventeen Clan Code Ashanti idea 4: The Golden Stool Ashikaga idea 2: Defenders of the Imperial Court Athenian idea 1: Dominus Athenarum Aztec idea 2: Sustaining the Gods Baden idea 2: Legacy of the House of Zähringen Bahmani idea 6: Bahmani Primogeniture Baluch idea 3: Khan of the Baloch Bavarian idea 1: Institute the Everlasting Succession Beloozero idea 3: Strengthen Local Lineages Beninese idea 1: Curb the Uzama Berg idea 1: The Heirs of Lotharingia Betsimisaraka idea 6: Royal Justice Bohemian idea 2: Elective Monarchy Bolognese idea 2: Bentivoglio Family Bosnian idea 2: Per Aspera ad Astra Brazilian idea 7: Seat of the Empire Breton idea 1: Legacy of Breton Independence Bulgarian idea 7: Third Rome Caucasian idea 5: Highland Khans Cebu idea 2: Chola Legacy Chinese idea 6: Son of Heaven Clevian idea 2: Cleves and Mark Dahomey idea 1: Children of the Panther Daimyo idea 3: Honor the Ancestors Dai Viet idea 6: Thuan Thiên Deccani Sultanate idea 1: Legacy of the Bahmani Sultanate Delhian idea 7: The Throne of India Franconian idea 1: The Duchy Restored Garhwali idea 5: Source of the Ganges Garjati idea 2: Ancient Mandalas Gelre idea 3: Defiance of Foreign Rule Golden Horde idea 1: Legacy of the Golden Horde Gond idea 6: Ancient Roots Great Qing idea 4: Bogda Khan Gujarati Princedom idea 6: Ashapura Mata Hatakeyama idea 6: Unify the Clan Hindustani idea 4: The Peacock Throne Hojo idea 1: Legacy of the Kamakura Shogunate Holstein idea 7: Danish Protest Pigs Hosokawa idea 1: Kanrei Ilkhanid idea 1: Restored Ilkhanate Jerusalem idea 1: Crown of Thorns Kaffan idea 5: Strengthen Ties With the Ethiopian Church Karamanid idea 7: True Heirs of the Seljuk Empire Khorasani idea 4: Dynastic Chronicles Kikuchi idea 3: Aso Shrine Kuban idea 6: Ndop Statue Kurdish idea 6: Legacy of the Kurdish Dynasties Ladakh idea 6: A Kingdom United Lan Na idea 1: Legacy of Mangrai Liège idea 3: Religious Devotion Luban idea 2: Royal Village Shrines Lunda idea 2: Perpetual Kingship Mainzian idea 4: Saint Hildegard of Bingen Malagasy idea 2: Zafivolamena Manchu idea 4: The Later Jin Manipur idea 3: Kingdom of the Meitei Mazovian idea 6: Sejmy i Sejmiki Mesoamerican idea 5: Ritual Bloodletting Moldavian idea 4: Hospodar of Moldavia Moluccan idea 2: Shared Cultural Heritage Montenegrin idea 1: Legacy Of Diocleia Mossi idea 1: Rialé and Yennenga Muiscan idea 7: Consuetudinary Law Mushasha idea 5: A House United Mutapan idea 4: Spokesman before the Dead Mysorean idea 2: Patronize Kannada Literature Neapolitan idea 7: The Lazzaroni and the Monarchy Northumbrian idea 1: Secure Percy Rule Odoyev idea 1: Heirs of Chernigov Offaly idea 6: A Family Affair Oirat idea 3: The Four Oirats Orissan idea 2: Servitor of Jagannath Pagarruyung idea 3: Istano Basa Pegu idea 6: Buddhist Kingship Polotskian idea 2: Heritage of The Rus' Provençal idea 2: Revive House of Anjou Rajputana idea 7: Monumental Architecture Rassid idea 4: A Unified Rassid State Romanian idea 4: Latin Island Rûmi idea 3: Shahanshah Samtskhe idea 1: Atabegs of Samtskhe Savoyard idea 7: Savoyard Legitimacy Scottish idea 6: Basilikon Doron Semien idea 5: Gideon Dynasty Shan idea 6: Shan Chronicles Shirvani idea 1: The Khalwati Order Sindhi idea 1: Enduring Samma Dynasty Sistani idea 6: Chronicles of Sistan South Indian idea 5: Patronage of Great Temples Sukhothai idea 6: Ramkhamhaeng Stele Swedish idea 1: Kung och Riksdag Telugu idea 5: Legend of Prataparudra Thüringian idea 1: The Partition of Leipzig Timurid idea 4: Chagatai Literature Transoxianian idea 7: Chagatai Literature Tripuran idea 1: Rajmala Tsutsui idea 5: The Southern Capital Tumbuka idea 3: Healthy Priest Kings Tyrone idea 2: The O’Neill Mór Vindhyan idea 7: Candella Legacy Wallachian idea 6: Boyar Regime Welsh idea 4: Unbennaeth Prydain Yi idea 6: Renovate the Skyward Tombs Zambezi idea 5: Centralizing the Mbona cult	Anhalt ambition Barbary Corsair ambition Canadian ambition Ethiopian ambition Imagawa ambition Irish ambition Italian ambition Kanem Bornuan ambition K'iche ambition Maravi ambition Ormond ambition Russian ambition	Administrative-Aristocratic: The Licensing of the Press Act Diplomatic-Plutocratic: Mandatory Service
+0.5	Bamberger traditions	Colognian idea 4: Prime Minister of Cologne Cypriot idea 1: King of Jerusalem Georgian idea 1: Bagrationi Dynasty Great Shun idea 7: Claim to the Mandate Jurchen idea 2: The Queue Ruthenian idea 1: The Mother of Russian States	—	—

Reform tiers

Power Structure

Type	Effects	Description & notes
Feudal Nobility	+25% Income from vassals +5% Nobility influence +5% Marathas influence +5% Rajputs influence	In a Feudal kingdom the power of the Monarch is enhanced by a land owning aristocracy sworn to obey them. The aristocrats, or nobles, are often landowners in their own right, with considerable influence and vassals of their own.
Autocracy	−10% Unjustified demands	Autocratic monarchies concentrate power in the hands of the ruler. The state is often seen as their personal property. It is not uncommon for rulers to have ministers and supporters, but these are then referred to as members of the royal household.
Eastern Plutocracy	+1 Merchant −5% Nobility influence +5% Burghers influence +5% Vaishyas influence	A plutocratic kingdom is one where the supporters of the Monarch are those with the largest incomes. The monarch themself is often the head of a successful merchant enterprise, and so are many of their supporters. Conditions: Has Indian, Muslim, Chinese or East African technology groups. Additional effects: Bonus goods production in non-owned provinces in a controlled trade node, proportional to percentage of trade controlled (e.g., non-owned provinces produce 50% bonus goods if the republic controls 100% of trade in the node). Is a Merchant Republic with: +25% State governing cost −25% Trade company governing cost Allows cheap drafting of transport ships. Can lead a trade league and create trading cities. Can construct a trade post for 50 administrative power giving +10 trade power, in one owned province per trade node (except your primary node). Vassals, marches, and client states, which usually do not transfer trade power to their overlord, will transfer 50% if the overlord is a merchant republic.
Indian Sultanate	+3 Tolerance of heathens	Ruled by a Muslim minority the Sultanates of India have had to evolve and expand the traditional Muslim ideas of Kingship. While they remain Islamic states the role of the Dhimmi, traditionally encompassing Jews and Christians, have been extended to the Dharmic religions. Conditions: Is Muslim Has its capital in India. Additional effects: Enables Iqta taxation ability, may choose a Iqta taxation policy every 20 years: Icon Ability Modifiers One-time effects Efficient Tax Farming +15% National tax modifier Gain ducats equal to 2 times total development of the subjects Land Acquisition −5% Core-creation cost Gain manpower 50 times total development of the subjects Lenient Taxation +1% Diplomatic reputation −15% Liberty desire in subjects
Nayankara System	+15% National manpower modifier +100% Vassal force limit contribution	In order to better control the land and to further our military ambitions we have divided many of our possessions among Nayaks. Nayaks are expected to care for them, any cities, temples or other settlements within them as well as to produce the armies we need to defend and expand our kingdom. Conditions: Has Indian technology group. Has Dharmic or Buddhist religion, Is in the 'Dravidian' culture group or has 'Oriya' or 'Sinhalese' as primary culture
Misl Confederacy	+10% National manpower modifier −10% Land maintenance modifier	Due to our history of persecution the organization of our state is built around being able to quickly react to outside threats. We are a confederation of Misls, that each consists of a community and its army. Conditions: Is Sikh.
Rajput Kingdom	+0.25 Yearly army tradition	A Rajput kingdom is ruled through close ties of loyalty and kinship with the clans of the ruling dynasty and their retainers. As the head of a Rajput clan we have a long and strong tradition of martial prowess that we can rely on. Whenever war or disaster comes near we can call upon our supporters both from within the kingdom and in nearby regions. Conditions: Has Indian technology group. Is in the 'Western Aryan' culture group (except 'Marathi') or has 'Vindhyan' as primary culture
Negusa Nagast Monarchy	−75% Move capital cost modifier −1 Global unrest −10% Stability cost modifier	Although Ethiopia is an empire, it lacks the proper means to enforce the authority of the Negusa Nagast - the emperor of Ethiopia. The Negusa Nagast Monarchy is the infancy state of the Empire Ethiopia will become, and as such this reform is marked with religious disunity, a lack of central power and an itinerant capital, which caused more troubles than worth. Conditions: Is Ethiopia Additional effects: This is a special government reform. You cannot switch to another reform on this level. Has itinerant capital May recruit Cawa
Solomonic Empire	+2 Tolerance of the true faith +20 Maximum absolutism −2 Global unrest +100% Number of Cawa regiments	The Solomonic Empire is the government reform of Ethiopia after the state has become consolidated at once. Religious arguments are no longer of concern and the empire now exerts its dominance outwards. Conditions: Has completed the Ethiopia's "Centralize the State" mission. Additional effects: This is a special government reform. You cannot switch to another reform on this level. Fixed rank: Empire May recruit Cawa
Grand Duchy	+100 Governing capacity	Our region never had many kings, instead it is our dukes that have united and led the various peoples within our borders to greatness. Conditions: Is Lithuania. Additional effects: Fixed rank: Duchy
Daimyo	+10% Morale of armies +10% Infantry combat ability	A powerful territorial vassal lord in Japan, ruling their hereditary lands under the shogun. A country can take over the Shogunate, and become the overlord of all Daimyo Subjects, by taking the province of Kyoto. Conditions: Is subject of the Shogunate Additional effects: This is a special government reform. You cannot switch to another reform on this level. Prohibits switching government type. Dynasty is fixed. Fixed rank: Duchy Can ally, form coalitions with, and start wars against other daimyo without sovereign intervention from their overlord. Has access to the special 'Sengoku' casus belli, usable on other daimyo. Has access to the special 'War for the Emperor' casus belli, usable on the Shogun. Will take over the mantle of Shogun if they own the province of Kyoto. See also: Japan § Daimyo & Shogunate
Independent Daimyo	+10% Morale of armies +10% Infantry combat ability −150 Governing capacity	A powerful Lord in Japan, ruling their hereditary lands without acknowledging any shogun. A country can take over the Shogunate, and become the overlord of all Daimyo Subjects, by taking the province of Kyoto. Conditions: is not a subject nation other than a tributary state. Has its capital in Japan (region) Is in the 'Japanese' culture group Additional effects: Dynasty is fixed. Prohibits switching government type. Will take over the mantle of Shogun if they own the province of Kyoto. See also: Japan § Daimyo & Shogunate
Elective Monarchy	−1 National unrest +25% Income from vassals +100 Governing capacity −30 Maximum absolutism	In this type of Monarchy the heir will be selected by the Sejm. Conditions: Has had the Poland's event "Elective Monarchy in Poland" Polish Magnate rebels will force a country to adopt this government type if their demands are enforced. These rebels are unique to nations with Polish culture. Additional effects: This is a special government reform. You cannot switch to another reform on this level. Prohibits switching government type. Other monarchies of the same religion can support heirs of their own dynasty in that realm by sending a diplomat, giving 24 times the elected monarch's stats as monarch power, 25 prestige and 10 legitimacy bonus if they win. The elective monarchy can support a local heir for −10 prestige The throne cannot be claimed, making it impossible to make them the junior partner of a personal union outside of events Can transition to a different reform during the The Struggle for Royal Power disaster which will happen during the Age of Absolutism.
Iqta	+5% National tax modifier +33% Income from vassals	Although similar to the feudal fief system, the holders under the iqta tax farming system did not actually own their lands, and were not guaranteed that they would be inherited by the next generation. Conditions: Is Muslim. Additional effects: Does not have consorts. Enables Iqta taxation ability, may choose a Iqta taxation policy every 20 years: Icon Ability Modifiers One-time effects Efficient Tax Farming +15% National tax modifier Gain ducats equal to 2 times total development of the subjects Land Acquisition −5% Core-creation cost Gain manpower 50 times total development of the subjects Lenient Taxation +1% Diplomatic reputation −15% Liberty desire in subjects
Ottoman Government	+0.5 Yearly legitimacy −10% Unjustified demands +150 Governing capacity +5 Maximum absolutism	The Ottoman Government is in many ways synonymous with the royal household. The harem ensures that there will never be a lack of heirs for the Ottoman ruler. Conditions: Is Muslim. Is the Ottomans or Rûm. Additional effects: This is a special government reform. You cannot switch to another reform on this level. Prohibits switching government type. Dynasty is fixed Heirs are chosen inside the ruler's harem via a special event May assign Pashas to States May recruit Janissaries in States with heathen religion See also: Ottomans § Ottoman Government
Prussian Monarchy	−2 National unrest −0.02 Monthly war exhaustion −0.075 Monthly autonomy change +10 Maximum absolutism +3 Monarch military skill (for future monarchs) −50% Governing capacity +10% Nobility loyalty equilibrium	A governmental form under a monarch, which can more be described as an army with a state, than a state with an army. Conditions: Is Prussia or Germany if formed by Prussia Is Protestant, Reformed, Hussite or Anglican. Additional effects: Uses militarization mechanics See also: Prussia § Prussian monarchy
Imperial Austrian Monarchy	+2 Max promoted cultures −2 National unrest +2 Monarch diplomatic skill −33% Promote culture cost	A governmental form under a monarch which is geared towards keeping a patchwork empire made up of many cultures, cities and territories together. Conditions: Has completed the Austria's "Multicultural Empire" mission.
Russian Principality	−1 National unrest +5% National tax modifier +100 Governing capacity	This state has a government system that has evolved in the years after the fall of Kiev and under the pressure of constant incursions of Tatar tribute expeditions. The ruling family can exercise great power, but seniority succession and princely appanages can lead to lengthy internal conflicts. Conditions: Is Orthodox Is in the 'East Slavic' culture group Additional effects: Fixed rank: Duchy Uses Russian government mechanics: Each year, this government gathers 3 + ruler skill progress in each category (//). Once 100 progress in a category is reached, the related government interaction can be activated: Icon Ability Type Effects Reform Sudebnik −10% local autonomy in all provinces Support Oprichnina −30% progress for all rebel factions Raise Streltsy −2 war exhaustion, raises 20% of forcelimit as streltsy units in the capital. If not activated the points continue to gather until 150 is reached and any more is lost.
Tsardom	+20% National manpower modifier −0.05 Monthly autonomy change +250 Governing capacity +0.5 Yearly absolutism	This state is the upholder of the Imperial Roman legacy and the Orthodox Church. As Tsar of all the Russias our ruler is the true overlord of the Eastern Slavic Peoples. Conditions: Is Russia or Ruthenia Is Orthodox Is in the 'East Slavic' culture group Additional effects: Fixed rank: Empire Uses Russian government mechanics May claim entire areas rather than individual provinces for +50% the usual spy network cost See also: Russia § Tsardom
Mamluk Government	+3 Max promoted cultures −0.025 Monthly autonomy change +2 Monarch administrative skill (for future monarchs) −25% Cost of advisors with ruler's culture −50% Promote culture cost +50 Governing capacity +10% Nobility influence	The State was once taken over by Mamluk Slave Soldiers and sustains itself through continued importation of soldier slaves. Conditions: Is Muslim Is the Mamluks Additional effects: Does not have consorts. Does not have heirs. Enables ‘Mamlukian Culture’ ability: Access to different cultural interactions, the strength of which depends on the ruler's culture (a more dominant culture gives stronger interactions) Enables ‘Foreign Slave Rulers’. When the current ruler dies, their successor is chosen via a special event with the ability to choose between different cultures for the new ruler The ruler's starting legitimacy is based on the percentage of their culture in the country (a more dominant culture gives a weaker claim) See also: Mamluks § Mamluk government
Feudal Theocracy	+1 Missionary +1% Missionary strength +2 Tolerance of the true faith +50 Governing capacity +5% Clergy loyalty equilibrium	The State is ruled by a religious leader with the throne passing on within his divine sanctioned family. Conditions: Is Muslim or Zoroastrian. At least one of: Starts with this government type ( Ardabil, Oman, Mzab, the Rassids and the Mushasha) Forms Persia or Sokoto or enacts the "Unify Islam" decision Additional effects: Unlocks Divine ideas, while locking Aristocratic ideas. Enables ‘Feudal Theocracy’ interactions: Icon Ability Cost Effects Seize Clerical Holdings 50 −15% construction cost for 5 years. Invite Minorities from Abroad 50 Every province of the capital state gets −20% local development cost for 5 years and +1 random development, requires the country to own and control the entire area of its capital. Sanction Holy War 50 Grants a claim on all non-allied non-(own)subject bordering provinces which are owned by a heretic or heathens nation.
Celestial Empire	+0.5 Yearly prestige +500 Governing capacity −10% Clergy influence −10% Nobility influence −10% Burghers influence	The Celestial Empire proclaims its rulers to be sons of the heaven who are born to govern the country in divine right. Conditions: 'Celestial Empire' has not been dismantled If DLC 'Mandate of Heaven' is enabled: Is the Emperor of China Else Is in the 'Chinese' culture group Has at least 50 provinces Additional effects: This is a special government reform. You cannot switch to another reform on this level. Prohibits switching government type. Dynasty is fixed Starts with only 10% crown land Fixed rank: Empire. Enables factions while disabling estates: Commanderies of the Five Armies Offices of Maritime Trade Grand Secretaria Unlocks the "Unify China CB" (gives cores on all provinces in the China subcontinent which this country sieges down when being the warleader in such a war) The “Become tributary” peace term can't be used against a country with the Chinese Kingdom reform Uses meritocracy. Disables factions while enabling Estates. See also: Ming § Celestial Empire If the Mandate of Heaven DLC is not enabled then the country can abolish ‘Celestial Empire’ and enact ‘Parliamentarism’ government reform through a decision.
Chinese Kingdom	+10% Manpower recovery speed −100 Opinion of same culture −100 Opinion of same culture group +100 Governing capacity	A kingdom of the fractured Celestial Empire which rebels against the current son of heaven. Conditions: Is in the 'Chinese' culture group or has 'Bai', 'Miao' or 'Yi' as primary culture Has 'Chinese' technology group Has its capital in China subcontinent. At least one of: Is Confucian Is Theravada and has 'Bai' as primary culture Is Animist and has 'Miao' or 'Yi' as primary culture The chinese revolter countries start with this reform Additional effects: Fixed rank: kingdom Dynasty is fixed Unlocks the "Unify China CB" (gives cores on all provinces in the China subcontinent which this country sieges down when being the warleader in such a war) The “Become tributary” peace term can't be used against a country with the Chinese Kingdom reform
Shogunate	+1 Diplomat −25% Envoy travel time +5 Maximum absolutism	Although nominally appointed by the Emperor, the shogunate became a hereditary military dictatorship and the de facto ruler of Japan between 1192 and 1867. A country can take over the Shogunate, and become the overlord of all Daimyo Subjects, by taking the province of Kyoto. Conditions: Has its capital in Kyoto (1020) Ashikaga in 1444. Is in the 'Japanese' culture group Japan does not exist Disabled after forming Japan Additional effects: This is a special government reform. You cannot switch to another reform on this level. Prohibits switching government type. Fixed rank: kingdom Dynasty is fixed. Can not change their primary culture Has special vassals called 'Daimyo' that do not take a diplomatic relation slot and are able to war and form coalitions against each other without sovereign intervention and to ally each other. Uses 'Shogunate' abilities Access to special interactions with its Daimyo vassals See also: Japan § Daimyo & Shogunate
English Monarchy	−1 National unrest +0.5 Yearly legitimacy +50 Governing capacity −30 Maximum absolutism	The English Monarchy is a representative monarchy, with a parliament called regularly by the ruling monarch. It is based on the privileges defined in Magna Carta. Conditions: Starts with England Additional effects: This is a special government reform. You cannot switch to another reform on this level. Has access to parliament (Disables the nobility estate) Disables “Call Diet”. May reform through various outcomes of the “English Civil War” disaster
Mandala System	+15% Income from vassals +100% Vassal force limit contribution −33% Governing capacity modifier	The Mandala System is used as a way to organize a state as a circle, or mandala, around a central metropolis. In this way the political and geographic realities can shape the level of direct control from the center. From subject states in the periphery to the more directly controlled sub cities closer to the center. Conditions: Is Buddhist, Dharmic, Muslim or Animist Has the 'Chinese' technology group. Additional effects: Can concentrate development with no losses.
Revolutionary Empire	+10% Morale of armies +25% National manpower modifier −0.20 Monthly autonomy change +150 Governing capacity +50 Maximum revolutionary zeal	The Revolutionary Empire is a slightly more conservative form of government with a single ruler ruling with reference a chamber of deputies. The government can mobilize a large amount of manpower and every soldier carries a marshal's baton in his backpack. Conditions: Three ways to get this government form, all requiring to first be a “Revolutionary Republic”: Bringing your republican tradition to 0 by means other than re-electing the current ruler (doing so while your republican tradition is below 20 will change your government to a republican dictatorship) With the DLC 'Rights of Man', having the imperials in power while having less than 40 republican tradition. France only: at the end of the French Revolution disaster, if chose to give the leadership of the country to Napoleon Bonaparte in an event. France has this government form between 1804 and 1814 Additional effects: This is a special government reform. You cannot switch to another reform on this level. Prohibits switching government type. Fixed rank: Empire Uses revolutionary zeal instead of absolutism. Is a revolutionary country. Does not have estates. Lose both revolution target status and this government form if the revolution is dismantled, transitioning into a constitutional monarchy.
Crusader State	+15% Manpower recovery speed Permanent casus belli against neighboring heathens and heretics	Our nation exists for one purpose: to reconquer and protect the Holy Land. We will do all in our power to defeat the infidels who would dare blaspheme against God and the Church. Deus vult! Only available to a catholic Jerusalem or to a catholic Orleans through the event The Militant Order of Saint Joan. Heirs and rulers can be generals.
Austrian Archduchy	−33% Liberty desire from subject development +5% Nobility influence +5% Marathas influence +5% Rajputs influence	Although organized similarly to a feudal monarch, the Austrian Archduchy is a step above the other duchies of Europe. Through long experience of ruling over others - be they Tiroleans, Styrians, Hungarians or Bohemians - and arranging dynastic affairs in their favor, the Archdukes have been able to develop an effective system for governing their lands and maintaining their unity. Conditions: Is or was Austria
Chakravarti	+10 Maximum absolutism +1 Monarch administrative skill	The monarch is more than a mere man. He is a divine sovereign, the very center of the universe. Only through him can there be peace and harmony in the world. Conditions: Mission reward via the Ayutthaya/ Siam's "Royal Absolutism" mission Additional effects: Can concentrate development with no losses.
Confucian Bureaucracy	−10% Advisor costs	A system of government where the monarch appoints educated bureaucrats to administrate the country in accordance with Confucian principles. Conditions: Is Confucian Has 'Vietnamese' or 'Sino-Vietnamese' primary culture
Musa Rule	+1 Advisor in pool −5% Stability cost modifier +0.5 yearly legitimacy	The government of the Mali Empire. Although very similar to other monarchies, the Musa Rule is special as it allows a matrilineal inheritance. Additionally, it supports court officials, who take state matters into their hands during the reigns of bad successors. Conditions: Is or was Mali
Mossi Confederal Kingdom	+15% Nobility influence +10% Nobility loyalty equilibrium −1 National unrest −20 Maximum absolutism	The Mossi kingdom is less of a single kingdom but a confederacy of several smaller Mossi kingdoms, which shared kinship, military and ritualistic bonds with one another. Conditions: Is Mossi Has had the "The Mossi Confederal Kingdom" event Additional effects: has_federal_kingdoms = yes tribal_federation_mechanic

Noble Privileges

Type	Effects	Description & notes
Strengthen Noble Privileges	+15% National manpower modifier	The noble class has served our state well for generations and as it grows it is only fitting that we continue to confer great privileges to those families that have devoted themselves to our cause. Is not a revolutionary country.
Curtail Noble Privileges	+10% National tax modifier −10% Nobility influence −10% Marathas influence −10% Rajputs influence	As the state grows it is becoming more and more apparent that the old noble families have too much influence and power. Their jealous concern for their old privileges is greatly hindering the growth of our government. Is not a revolutionary country.
Enforce Trader Privileges	+5% Trade efficiency +30% Trade range	By strengthening the ties between the state and successful merchant enterprises, we can increase our reach out into the world as well as the profit we bring home. Requires the Plutocracy reform.
Uparaja Succession	+0.5 Yearly prestige +0.5 Yearly legitimacy +0.05 Monthly heir claim increase	We should introduce royal princes to the people and to statecraft before they succeed to the throne by appointing them as viceroys. Only available for countries in the Chinese technology group with Theravada as a state religion.
Strengthen Bengali Traders	+10% Trade efficiency +1 Merchant	While Bengal and the Ganges Delta are rich lands, the estuary has always attracted traders and acted, above all else, as the port to India. This land was taken with sword in hand but ship owners and traders are as influential and as vital to our state as noble officers. Only available for Muslim nations with Bengali culture.
Sufi-Syncretism	−5% Development cost +1% Missionary strength	The most popular disciples of Islam in this foreign land have always been the Sufis. They incorporate parts of the local traditions and take an active part in the daily life of the local population. Many of them have taken on the role of local leaders and, if we support them, we may see their communities grow as they reclaim land from jungles and swamps to build new cities. Only available for Muslim nations with Bengali culture.
Empower the Poligars	−5% Development cost +10% Infantry combat ability	Our lands are full of smaller local tribes and clans that we could put to good use if we gave them a place within the system of our state. As a class these Poligar officials could serve as police, builders of fortifications, local representatives and military officers. Most of all they could mobilize their kinsmen and provide us with a good source of able men. Only available for Indian technology group nations with Dravidian culture group or with Oriya or Sinhalese cultures.
Strength of the Khalsa	+5% Morale of armies +1 Tolerance of heretics +1 Tolerance of heathens	With the Khalsa united behind us there is little we could not do. We cannot however become the oppressors we have once fought, all will be able to rise to power within our state. Only available forSikh countries.
Deccani Elites	+1 Diplomatic free policies	Deccan was only recently conquered by Islamic states and our ancestors were reliant on immigration to be able to staff and maintain their state. Over time this has created a cosmopolitan state of newcomers, second generation Deccanis and old Hindu aristocrats. Only available for Muslim nations in the Indian technology group with Dravidian culture group or Marathi culture. Is not a revolutionary country.
Mughal Diwan	+1 Tolerance of the true faith +150 Governing capacity	If there is one thing our dynasty has learned over the centuries it is that we must be able to adopt to the local population in the regions we expand into. Let us ensure that we learn from those we conquer so that our empire can keep growing. Only available for Mughals. This is a special government reform. You cannot switch to another reform on this level. Assimilates cultures into administration. Instead of promoting cultures by spending diplomatic points, cultures are instead accepted by owning every province of that culture. Once assimilated, the culture is accepted permanently. Assimilating an entire culture group confers a permanent bonus. See also: Mughals § Diwan
Institutionalized Black Army	−15% Mercenary maintenance +2.5% Mercenary discipline −10% Nobility loyalty equilibrium	Regardless of aristocratic objections, the Black Army is undeniably an effective military force. We shall institutionalize their company and ensure that there is always a reserve of veteran soldiers waiting to join their ranks. Only available for Hungary, by reaching the age of reformation with the Black Army country modifier and choosing the option "Nonsense! Reform and institutionalize the Black Army." on the event "End of the Black Army". Is not a revolutionary country. Enables Black Army and Black Army Reserves mercenary companies. The Black Army will never be disbanded. The Black Army will never mutiny.
The Legion of Honor	−10% Leader cost	Now that we have reorganized the revolution into a hereditary Empire, we must enlist members of our government to adopt noble titles to legitimize our Imperial rule. The Legion of Honor shall be an order of Knights, Officers, and Commanders granted positions of great prestige and nobility by the Imperial Court. Only available for a Revolutionary Empire.
Nobility of the Emperor	−10% Advisor costs	With the majority of the old Nobility of our nation now buried headless in mass graves, the time has come to re-establish our Nobility in a structure more amiable to the Empire’s goals. By assigning noble titles almost entirely to loyalists and members of the Imperial family, we will ensure that the Nobility will never act outside of the interests of the Crown. Only available for a Revolutionary Empire.

Bureaucracy

Type	Effects	Description & notes
Centralized Bureaucracy	−0.05 Monthly autonomy change	A centralized bureaucracy is centered on the capital of the kingdom, with most decisions made by, or near, the ruler and then sent out to the provinces. Only available if the country is not revolutionary or the “Emperor” DLC is not enabled.
Decentralized Bureaucracy	+2 Max promoted cultures	A decentralized bureaucracy leaves more decisions to local administrators or governors, who are then responsible to the monarch. Only available if the country is not revolutionary or the “Emperor” DLC is not enabled.
The Examination System	−10% Nobility influence +1 Possible advisor	Those wishing to enter the civil service and advance as government officials must take a series of examinations testing their knowledge of Confucian literature and statecraft. Only available forConfucian countries, or countries with Vietnamese or Sino-Vietnamese primary culture. Countries must also have the Confucian Bureaucracy or Celestial Empire tier one reforms.
Corvée System	+10% National manpower modifier −10% Construction cost	Every peasant is required to serve the state when called upon. This service may take the form of construction work on the King's grand projects, or else in the military. When a Barracks or Training Field completes construction, gain 1000 manpower. When a Dock of Drydock completes construction, gain 200 sailors. Only available for countries with a primary culture in the Tai or Burman groups, as well as Khmer culture.
Sidhi Recruitment	−10% Fort maintenance +100 Governing capacity	Over time it has become evermore clear that we cannot trust either our conflict prone amirs or the local land holders. If we are to acquire officials and commanders we can trust we must look to recruit elite slaves to fill these positions instead. Only available for Muslim nations in the Indian technology group with Dravidian culture group or Marathi culture.
Mansabdari System	−0.3% Yearly army tradition decay +150 Governing capacity	Our empire requires loyal and able servants. Let us reforge our noble class according to a numerical mansab system. Each noble will be given a rank, corresponding to both his obligation and will then be assigned lands around the empire by our administration to support him in accordance with his rank. The guiding principle for how highly someone is ranked must be ability, and this route must be open regardless of religion or origin. Only this way can we be sure to raise a court of those most able to bring our empire forward. Only available for Mughals.
Council of the Indies	+20% Global tariffs +20% Treasure fleet income	Our vast colonial territories must have a central administration that reports directly to the Crown. Though individual Viceroys will govern their respective territories, the Council will be the supreme colonial authority, and its courts will extend our law to the farthest reaches of the New World. Only available for Iberian countries with the capital in Iberia with at least 1 colonist.
Exile Colonial Companies	−30% Expel minorities cost	The New World is a place of great opportunity, and for us it is an opportunity to establish Exile Colonies and rid our nation of convicts and minorities. By allowing colonial companies to claim sovereignty over our undesirables, we will create harmony in the Old World and expand our influence in the New World. Only available for countries with the capital in Africa, Asia or Europe, which are present on at least two continents, and which have at least 1 colonist.
Liberté Ideals	+2 Max promoted cultures +0.1 Girondist influence	Liberté is the school of thought within the Revolution that claims that any individual should have the divine right to do whatever he or she wishes that does not do harm to or restrict the liberty of others. Only available for revolutionary countries.
Fraternité Ideals	−25% Harsh treatment cost −20% Culture conversion cost +0.1 Imperial influence	Not everyone acknowledges the ideals of Fraternité as an ideal of the Revolution, but view it as a reactionary element within our own state who wish to return to the old government. Fraternité is a sense of brotherhood and those who follow its principles believe that the state should follow an authoritarian route where there is a proper place for all citizens assigned by the state. Only available for revolutionary countries.

The Administrative Cadre

Type	Effects	Description & notes
Administrative Clergy	+1 Administrative free policies +10% Brahmins influence +5% Brahmins loyalty equilibrium +10% Clergy influence +5% Clergy loyalty equilibrium	The clergy already possess many of the skills we look for in administrators. They are well educated, experienced scribes and they have a higher calling. In many ways allying ourselves with the clergy would offer an efficient and very strong cadre of administrators. Available if the country: is not revolutionary or the “Emperor” DLC is not enabled.
Nobles of the Robe	−10% Leader cost +10% Nobility influence +10% Marathas influence +10% Rajputs influence +5% Nobility loyalty equilibrium +5% Marathas loyalty equilibrium +5% Rajputs loyalty equilibrium	The noble families of the realm have sworn to provide not only council but also eternal loyalty to our monarch. As our realm expands it is clear that these duties cannot be solely performed by serving us with sword in hand. It is time for a new generation of nobles to serve, in robes and armed with pens they will aid the state just as well as their brothers do with their swords and armor. Available if the country: is not revolutionary or the “Emperor” DLC is not enabled. is not in the Indian technology group or does not have the Marathas estate or has the Nobility estate is not in the Indian technology group or does not have the Rajputs estate or has the Nobility estate
Meritocratic Recruitment	−10% Advisor costs +10% Marathas influence +10% Rajputs influence +10% Burghers influence +5% Burghers loyalty equilibrium +10% Vaishyas influence	We cannot let old privileges govern who will get the privilege of serving our kingdom as it grows. Instead we must look only to the ability of each and every one. A meritocratic system is one where administrators are chosen for their talent, and not their parents. Available if the country: is not revolutionary or the “Emperor” DLC is not enabled.
Dakhni Culture	−20% State maintenance	As our kingdom grows and matures a joint Deccani culture has started to emerge among the elite of the various great cities of the Deccan. They all speak a common language, Dakhni, that is an amalgam of the local tongues, Persian and Turkic. Let us make good use of this elite culture in our administration and employ administrators that will be able to quickly redeploy from one end of our country to the other. Available if the country: is in the Indian technology group is Muslim has a primary culture of the Dravidian culture group or Marathi culture
Zabt System	+150 Governing capacity	Administrative penetration has been the greatest obstacle for any empire in this region. It is in the interest of the state to encourage economic productivity and we must at all times keep this in mind, while also keeping a constant watch on the regional economy. Solving this problem will require great resources and commitment, as there is no easy way to rule as many subjects as we aim to. Let us create an administration that conducts regular cadastral surveys of land, crops grown, land revenue, and local economy. Moreover we must demand cash payments of all our subjects at all times and offer lighter taxes when needed to encourage local economy. Available if the country: is Mughals.
Permanent Marathas Council	+1 Land leader shock +5% Marathas loyalty equilibrium −5% Nobility loyalty equilibrium +10% Marathas influence −10% Nobility influence	Maratha generals and civic leaders are an important part of the balance of power in our nation. We should formalize their assemblies and establish a permanent council of the Marathas to guide our nation. Only available for countries with theMarathas estate active. Enables the marathas estate privilege Maratha Military Leadership, which grants a maximum of +10% discipline and −15% tax income, scaled by Maratha land ownership.
Governmental Purbias Register	+5% Recover army morale speed +5% Rajputs loyalty equilibrium −5% Nobility loyalty equilibrium +10% Rajputs influence −10% Nobility influence	The state is taking measures to attract elite Rajput warriors from all over India. Steps should be taken to organize these warriors into cohesive regiments upon arrival so that they can be deployed more effectively. Only available for countries with the Rajputs estate active. The rajputs estate privilege Enlist Purbias will give an additional +5% discipline to Rajput regiments.
Revolutionary Principle	+10% Morale of armies +15% National manpower modifier +0.1 Girondist influence	The purpose of our state is quite simple; to spread the Revolution. We must centralise our state around the idea that it is only be liberating all people of the world into Revolutionary states that we may create an everlasting state of peace and equality in the world. Only available for revolutionary countries with the Emperor DLC enabled.
Equality Principle	+2 Tolerance of heretics +2 Tolerance of heathens +0.1 Jacobin influence	Although our state holds Egalité as one of its core values, it is clear that we have completely failed in our goal to treat all our people with fairness and equality. The core principle of our nation must be to eliminate the barriers of gender, culture, and social class and ensure that it is known that all people are created equal and a good start to that would be to ensure that religion remains a private matter and does not dictate one’s rights within the state. Only available for revolutionary countries with the Emperor DLC enabled.
Imperial Principle	−10% Aggressive expansion impact −10% Province war score cost +0.1 Imperial influence	The Revolution has made it clear that our nation, above all others, wields the divine right to hold Imperial Hegemony over all other nations. The states around us are fragile and weak, and it is clear that only by directly controlling these states ourselves will we ensure that the values of the Revolution are enforced on the people. Only available for revolutionary countries with the Emperor DLC enabled.
Sakdina System	−2 National unrest −5% Stability cost modifier	Every man must know his place. By assigning numerical ranks to each of our subjects they will know thier standing in relation to one another and, most importantly, to the King. Only available for countries with Siamese or Khon Muang primary culture.

Deliberative Assembly

Type	Effects	Description & notes
Parliamentarism	−1 National unrest	It is time we separate the head of government from the head of state and give the legislative assemblies of the land a larger share in the day to day rule of our state. Available if: the country does not have the Nobility estate or the crown owns more land than the Nobility estate whose loyalty is higher than their influence. the country is not the “Celestial Empire”, a “Revolutionary Republic” or a “Revolutionary State” if the “Mandate of Heaven” DLC is not enabled. Not available with certain unique reforms Has access to parliament but not to the nobility estate. Disables “Call diet”
Royal Decree	+5 Maximum absolutism	The Monarch rules supreme in this country and loyalty is valued above all else. We must ensure that decrees from the royal court are followed to the letter, and in in all parts of our country. Available if the country is not revolutionary.
Aristocratic Court	−0.3% Yearly army tradition decay	The Nobility served us well over the centuries, and has become an integral part of our government. In order to better control, reward, and gain the support of these ancient aristocratic families we must continue to tie them closely to our royal person and the royal court.
General Estates	+10% Production efficiency	The ancient privileges of the estates must be respected and their role in legislation be strengthened. Let us regularly call the general estates as a way to guide and counsel our great ruler. Available if the country is not revolutionary.
States General	−10% Stability cost modifier No stability loss on monarch death	By a Union of States with representatives in the States General we can more easily deal with the pro-federal movements in our nation while retaining our Monarchy. Through elections and events, the Statists and Monarchists will vie for control over the nation. The effects of this reform and the frequency of elections depend on which faction is currently in power. Available if the country: is not revolutionary. is not the lesser partner in a personal union. is not the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire (a country with this reform can't become emperor of the HRE). Not available with certain unique reforms Does not have consorts. Does not have heirs. Has elections every 4 years or only at the ruler's death, depending on the current Statist-Monarchist balance. (see also: Election events#Dutch Republic) Enables Statist vs Monarchist mechanics Statists in power: Monarchist in power: −1 National unrest +10% Manpower recovery speed +1 Diplomatic reputation +0.5 Yearly prestige −0.5 Yearly legitimacy +0.5 Yearly legitimacy If this reform is abolished then the country gets the event ‘[Root.GetAdjectiveCap] Assembly Abolished’.
Legislative Sejm	+1 Local heir administrative skill +1 Local heir diplomatic skill +1 Local heir military skill	By granting more legislative powers to the Sejm, we ensure that only the best candidates from within our nation are selected to be in line for the throne. Available if the country has enacted ‘Elective Monarchy’ government reform.
Integrate the Sejmiks	−5 Years of separatism	The Sejmiks are the local parliaments assigned to rule the various regions within our nation. By integrating the Sejmiks into our government, we ensure that people of all cultures feel properly represented in the Sejm." Available if the country has enacted ‘Elective Monarchy’ government reform.
The Feuillant System	−10% Stability cost modifier	There are many citizens and politicians in the Republic who wish to return to the tyranny of an absolute monarchy. However, the Feuillant political group believe in a compromise; that powers in the nation should be split between an Emperor and a President, similar to a constitutional monarchy. By riding the delicate balance between Empire and Republic, we may actually please both the Imperialists and Republicans within our nation. Only available for countries that are revolutionary. Has elections every 4 years or only at the ruler's death depending on the current Revolutionaries-Monarchist balance.(see also: Election events#Dutch Republic) Enables Revolutionaries vs Monarchist mechanics Revolutionaries in power: Monarchist in power: +10% Morale of armies +1 Diplomatic reputation +10% Manpower recovery speed +0.25 Yearly revolutionary zeal −1 National unrest
The Two-Chamber System	+1 Free policies	For a long time, the Canton system maintained the peace, stability, and independence of small democratic leagues like the Swiss and Swabian Federations. By similarly dividing our legislature into a Grand Council representing the Cantons, and the Senate representing the republic as a whole, we may protect the interests of the individual cities and cultural identities within our nation while still placing the values of the Revolution above all else! Only available for countries that are revolutionary.
Imperial Decree	+20 Maximum revolutionary zeal	The Emperor rules supreme in this nation and disloyalty to the Emperor is equivalent to disloyalty to the Revolution. All decrees issued by the Empire are of course done so in the interest of the people, the Revolution, and the Empire, and disloyalty shall not go unpunished. Only available for countries that are revolutionary.

Absolutism & Constitutionalism

Type	Effects	Description & notes
L’état c’est moi	+250 Governing capacity	Without order there is nothing but chaos and men must be led. We must ensure that the word of our monarch is law in each and every case and that everyone does their utmost to realize every royal design.
Regional Representation	−10% Minimum autonomy in territories	The legislative assemblies of this land are an imperative part of our state and by strengthening their role we ensure efficiency as well as the legitimacy of our kingdom.
A Loyal Consulate	−0.05 Monthly autonomy change +150 Governing capacity	With the fall of the republican government within the Revolution, it soon became clear that a new system was necessary to continue the spread of the revolution. The Consulate filled that void, and perhaps by advancing the powers of the Consulate and liberally dismissing any who object to the Emperor's rule we will solidify our grasp on all of our Imperial holdings. Only available for countries that are revolutionary.
Military Electorate	+0.25 Yearly army tradition +1 Land leader fire +0.1 Imperial influence	Our nation values comradery above all else, and nobody exemplifies the value of being a comrade like our boys fighting on the fields of battle. These are the men who’ve seen the horrors of war and fought alongside their countrymen to preserve and advance the Revolution, and these men should be the ones to rule us. We must alter the requirements to hold an office in our government so that only those who have served in our military are eligible to represent the people within the government. Only available for countries that are revolutionary. A general becomes ruler when the current ruler dies.

Separation of Power

Type	Effects	Description & notes
Political Absolutism	+0.50 Yearly absolutism +5 Maximum absolutism	The best of the state is best served through the realization of the plans and will of its monarch. A true and enlightened monarch can then utilize its full capacity to undertake the many changes needed to ensure prosperity. Available if the country: is not revolutionary.
Legislative Houses	+1 Administrative possible policies	By separating the legislative body into more than one house we can better balance the need for change with the one to conserve and preserve the traditions of old. Available if the country: is not revolutionary.
Become a Republic	Changes government type to republic Lose 3 government reforms	Monarchy has run its course for this country. It is time we reform the government at its very top and institute a republic with electable rulers. Available if the country: is not revolutionary. is not the lesser partner in a personal union. is not the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
Install Theocratic Government	Changes government type to theocracy Lose 4 government reforms	Religion is the only truly viable way to judge right and wrong. Let us reform the government at its very core and have the divine guide us from now on. Available if the country: is not revolutionary. is not the lesser partner in a personal union. is not the emperor of the Holy Roman Empire.
Emperor of the Revolution	+1.5 Yearly revolutionary zeal	Our state is the home of the Revolution, and our Emperor is its head. It is only natural then that we coronate our Emperor as the Emperor of all those loyal to the Revolution and rally the people around his divine cause. Only available for revolutionary countries with the Emperor DLC enabled.
An Enlightened Monarchy	−2 National unrest +2 Max promoted cultures	The ideals of the Enlightenment are the very foundation for Revolutionary thought, and as long as our Emperor does not truly embrace the ideals of the Enlightenment then he does not represent the values of the Revolution. Many would say a hereditary monarchy itself betrays the ideals of the Revolution, but a combination of an absolute monarch and Enlightenment thought shall ensure that none can oppose the ideals of our state. Available if the country: is revolutionary.
Return to the Revolutionary Republic	Lose 3 government reforms Changes government type to republic Enacts ‘Revolutionary Republic’ government reform	The Empire has served its purpose of advancing the needs of the people through an absolute government. Now that our mission is complete, we should hand our powers back to the people we have fought so hard to liberate and allow them to choose their own destiny. Available if the country: has enacted ‘Revolutionary Empire’ government reform. If the country uses Revolutionaries vs Monarchist mechanics then it gets the event ‘[Root.GetAdjectiveCap] Assembly Abolished’.

References

Mechanics

Customization

Nation designer • Random New World

Ages and Institutions

Ages • Institutions

Innovativeness and Technology

Innovativeness • Technology

Defense

Fort • Zone of control