English events
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Lollards were a heretical group following the theological teaching of John Wycliffe. Popular protests against the wealth, power, and pride of the clergy, were frequent, and in times of disorder would express themselves in an extreme form. They had been persecuted several times during the 14th century, and their last appearance was in the early 15th century.
The Hundred Years War was the last great medieval war. It was a war not just between kings, but lesser nobles were also able to pursue their own personal agendas while participating in the larger conflict. Future wars saw far less factionalism, at least on the scale found in medieval conflicts. The Hundred Years War was actually dozens of little wars and hundreds of battles and sieges that went on for over a century, between 1337 and 1453, until both sides were exhausted. While neither side won in any real sense, the end result was that while there were two kingdoms at the beginning of the war, there were two nations at the end of it.
The position of Justice of the Peace originated in England in about the 12th Century, believed to be from a Royal Edict issued by King Richard I and the Archbishop of Canterbury in the year 1195. The title was first known as Custodes Pacis, but was later changed to Justices of the Peace. An act concerning Justices of the Peace was passed in 1489. It required that justices devote part of every quarter session to acknowledgment of the areas in which they themselves are particularly weak. The same act provided the general populace with the right to complain about the actions of justices directly to the monarch or his council. The appointment of the justices by the Lord Chancellor at irregular annual intervals allowed for the possible removal of uncooperative gentlemen at the next annual re-issue of the commissions.
Promoting government officers from the middle class, primarily clerics and lawyers, was a Yorkish tradition in England. As our administrative needs keep growing, both the nobility and the middle class eagerly awaits to see if we will continue this policy.
The Court of Star Chamber was a court of law which evolved from meetings of the king's royal council. Although its roots go back to the medieval period, the court only became powerful as a separate entity during the reign of Henry VII. In 1487 the court became a judicial body separate from the king's council, with a mandate to hear petitions of redress. The Court of Star Chamber was named for the star pattern painted on the ceiling of the room at Westminster Palace where its meetings were held. In a sense the court was a supervisory body.
The population of England lived on the land under a manorial system. They were primarily tenant farmers who were tied to a particular locality, rarely if ever leaving their places of birth. With the rise of commerce, it became increasingly profitable for the aristocracy who owned the land to enclose it. The enclosure movement displaced the tenant farmers and caused a movement into the cities. As people congregated in cities, they became a source of cheap labor for the factories and mines that developed. The concentration of population into cities, however, also created a class of poor, many of whom were willing to became 'indentured servants' and migrate to the North American colonies in search of a better life.
Henry VIII Tudor of England (1509-1547) had first received in 1521 the papal title of Defender of the Faith for his pamphlet against Luther. The king's main concern was over his succession and in 1529, when the papal Curia rejected his proposal to divorce Catherine of Aragon, he had the Legate of the Pope, Cardinal Wolsey, executed and coerced the English clergy to recognize the king as the supreme head of the Church. He had his divorce granted in 1533 and married the lady-in-waiting Ann Boleyn. Altogether, Henry VIII contracted 6 marriages.
As the granddaughter of King Henry VIII's elder sister Mary, Lady Jane Grey had a claim to the English throne. Married against her will in 1553 to Lord Guildford Dudley, son of the Duke of Northumberland, she was used as a pawn by Northumberland, who was King Edward VI's regent, in his determined effort to retain his power after the king's death. King Edward VI was deadly sick and during his last illness Northumberland had him sign a 'device' excluding Henry VIII's daughters, the future queens Mary I and Elizabeth I, from the throne in favor of Jane. On July 10, 1553, four days after Edward's death, Jane was proclaimed queen. Her reign lasted only until July 19. The country supported the Catholic Mary's claim, and Northumberland's forces were dispersed by troops loyal to Mary.
In 1554 the Catholic Queen Mary married Felipe of Spain, a union that opened great possibilities for both England and Spain. Felipe was granted the title of King of England by Parliament, but was not allowed to govern the country. But the imminent question of importance was over religion. The Act of Supremacy had given clerical control to the monarch, but the people of England were sundered over religion. Catholics demanded papal authority, while Protestants wanted liberal clerical laws. Mary chose to throw in her lot with the fanatical Catholics, and a wave of terror commenced, earning her the nickname 'Bloody Mary'.
Queen Elizabeth I sought to bring about a religious settlement with the objective of establishing in England a Protestant Anglican Church with herself as the Supreme Governor. Things began to fray around the edges when Mary Queen of Scots fled to England. The problem for Elizabeth I was that Mary was a Catholic claimant to the English throne. Elizabeth I had Mary locked away in various castles, but she still became the center of numerous conspiracies to overthrow the upstarts who had displaced the ancient aristocracy. Their basic idea was to marry Mary to Norfolk, England's only Duke. This combination represented a serious threat to Elizabeth I but Norfolk seemed undecided and continued to delay until Elizabeth I invited him to London whereupon she locked him in the Tower. Elizabeth I suspected that the Earls of Northumberland, Westmorland and Cumberland were involved in the conspiracy and invited them to London as well. The Earls guessed their accommodation would be the Tower and opted instead for a rebellion which began at about midnight on the 9 November 1569. The Catholic faith had survived in the North and there was real resentment against the extension of Tudor domination and Elizabeth I's new men. The Earl of Northumberland mustered his troops in Richmond on the 16 November. Sir George was appointed provost marshal and martial law was declared. Elizabeth I ordered that 700 of the riffraff be executed, 200 of these were to be from or around Richmond. How many were actually executed is not known but seemingly it was a smaller number, perhaps around 57, 12 of whom were from Richmond. The decade after the Rebellion was a difficult period for Catholics who faced constant persecution. Religious meetings were held in secret, away from the eyes of unfriendly informants. It seems, however, that the few gentry who were accused in court of holding Catholic beliefs were the 'mere tip of a great pyramid' which represented a hidden underground movement.
Hugh O'Neill lived in England in the 1560s. He served the government in the 1580s but in 1594 rebelled. Dissatisfied with the English government's persistent policy of playing the chiefs against one another, O'Neill was also angered by the English refusal to restore the lands granted to his grandfather. At last he formed an alliance with the other Irish chiefs and sought aid against Protestant England from Catholic Spain. He achieved something like unity among his allies and, after 1595, defeated some of Queen Elizabeth's best commanders in Ireland. O'Neill was defeated while attempting to join a Spanish force that arrived at Kinsale in 1601. His Irish allies dispersed, and O'Neill retreated to Ulster. In 1603 he made peace with the English, surrendering his tribal authority. King James I later pardoned him.
In 1628 the English Parliament passed the Petition of Rights. Under its terms the King could not levy any new taxes without the consent of Parliament. Furthermore soldiers could not be billeted in private homes. Martial law could not be imposed in time of peace. Finally, the Petition of Rights forbid the imprisonment of individuals without cause.
The 16th century saw the number of members in the House of Commons increase, while the House of Lords remained significantly smaller. The power base in Parliament shifted to the House of Commons who were well aware of the fact. Elizabeth I had a mix of determination, majestic presence and kindness towards the members of Parliament that her successors Jacob I and his son Charles I did not. The Parliament wanted to have more say in matters of the Church, justice and taxes to which the King naturally was opposed. When Jacob I tried to propose marriage of his son to a Spanish, and later a French princess (both Catholic) they had enough. The Parliament of 1628 voiced the Petition of Right which forbade arrests and taxation ordered by the King. In 1629 the Parliament voted for resolutions to condemn Religious and Tax politics and the King opposed the Parliament and tried to dissolve it. Eleven years of Dictatorship ensued. In 1642 the Civil War divided the country into Cavaliers (Royalists) versus Roundheads (the Parliament's wigless).
Charles II was secretly Catholic and his brother James II openly. The Decree of Indulgence issued in 1672 was aimed at relieving the situation for dissenters and Catholics. In addition to personal reasons, any king who supported Catholicism could count on the support from France. In fact, Charles II got his reward in form of a large sum of money in a Treaty closed behind the back of the Parliament. Around the same time Parliament issued the Bill of Test which again excluded dissenting religious groups (including Catholics) from public offices and allowed persecution. The Parliament subsequently raised the issue of excluding the openly Catholic James II from succession rights.
This rebellion of the Jacobite cause led by the Earl of Mar began in 1715. By the end of September, most of the Highlands were in his control and his army numbered some 5,000 with more appearing daily. But all this was done without even notifying the King they were claiming to support. The Old Pretender, King James III, was not even aware of the situation as of yet. Word was sent to the King, and the size of the force continued to grow. The Earl, with his growing army, moved to Perth and established his base there after taking the city. Meanwhile another Jacobite army was forming to the south, The Old Pretender hearing the news began to make preparations for his trip to Scotland and his crowning. By early November, the northern Jacobite army numbered some 12,000, mostly Clansmen from the Highlands. The Earl then decided to march south where he soon met the army of the Duke of Argyll, the only remaining government troops in Scotland. The Jacobite forces were mismanaged and split. The southern army marched south to raise Lancashire instead of turning on the Duke of Argyll's flank, while a much smaller force under the Duke defeated the larger northern army of the Jacobites at Sheriffmuir on November 13th. The southern army was also met and defeated at Preston by other government forces in England. The Jacobites were forced to retreat to Perth, while still waiting for their leader to arrive. The Old Pretender finally arrived in Scotland on the 22nd of December after leaving fittingly enough from Dunkirk. But the matter was already settled, as the Duke of Argyll was already receiving reinforcements of experienced troops and was preparing an overwhelming force to march north. The King, James III, was again forced to retreat after spending a dismal six weeks in Scotland.
The War of Jenkins's Ear (which merged into the War of the Austrian Succession) was the result, amongst other things, of a minor, alleged confrontation between Spanish Guarda Costas and the Captain and crew of the Glasgow brig 'Rebecca' in 1731. Captain Jenkins claimed that, whilst in the Caribbean, his ship had been boarded by the Guarda Costa and his crew maltreated, and that the Spaniards had then cut off one of his ears. Additionally, he claimed he was tortured and threatened with death. There were no major actions fought during this war, although the declaration of war led to the dispatch of Anson's squadron to attack the coast of South America, and to finally circumnavigate the globe, and Admiral Edward Vernon's fleet attacked Spanish territory in the Caribbean.
In 1745, the war of the Austrian Succession was raging in Europe. England had most of her troops busy in the Austrian Netherlands. The time seemed ripe for Charles-Edward Stuart (1720-1788) to boldly land in Scotland. He and his Jacobite supporters managed to beat an English army at Prestonpans on October 2nd, 1745 and entered Edinburgh where he had his father James recognized as King of Scotland. At the head of a small army, he then invaded England as far as Derby, but had to retreat when promised French support did not materialize (the intended landing of French troops had failed). Caught up by the British army under Cumberland (recalled from the Low Countries), he was soundly defeated at Culloden on 16th April, 1746. This was the best shot the Stuarts ever got to reclaim the throne, but the rash young prince did not listen to the sober advice of his Generals, thus forever burying the Stuart cause.
John Methuen was born in 1650. An accomplished diplomat, he is well remembered for the treaty signed in 1703 between England and Portugal. The main purpose of the treaty was to allow free introduction of English wool and cloths to Portugal in exchange of free entry of Portuguese wine into England (Port wine). The treaty made in effect Portugal an economic and political satellite of England, and was abrogated only in 1836. John Methuen died in 1706 shortly after his greatest success.
'Remember, remember,
The Fifth of November,
Gunpowder treason and plot.
I know of no reason,
Why the gunpowder treason,
Should ever be forgot.'
A plot to blow up the King and the Houses of Parliament has been discovered! The conspirators, led by Guy Fawkes and Robert Catesby, hid barrels of gunpowder below the Houses of Parliament and planned to detonate them when the Houses were in session with the King attending. Their goal was to seize control of the government and restore England to Catholicism. The conspirators will undoubtedly be executed, but how should we react towards Catholics as a whole?
The Admiralty was instituted to give the growing naval power an efficient and strong strategic leadership at sea. Earlier there had only existed a number of odd King's ships, each of which where the king's personal property. By making the admiralty responsible for all warships and the production of new and the repair of old, the English navy got continuity and order. The Admiralty was also a plant school for military leaders and also important figures in the political life of London.
England as we know it decided on becoming a naval power and instituted the Admiralty as one of its assets. There where also signs of England taking another route, a route toward the continent and Land Power. Some elements can be found in Cromwell's New Model Army, but also the question-marks of a possible pro-French Stuart Dynasty if England had managed to keep some of its French possessions. If that had happened, England would have had much greater interests to defend on the Continent than on the high seas.
In 1553, the Merchant Adventurers Company sent a fleet of three ships with the intent of sailing to China through the Northeast Passage. Most ships were struck frozen by the ice-cap and all their crew died of starvation, except the Edward, under senior navigator Richard Chancellor, who entered the White Sea and reached Arkhangelsk, a small village that would later grow to a port in 1584. There he learned about the wealth and power of the Russian emperor and journeyed in horse-drawn sleighs, in winter, to Moscow. Although Russia and England had diverging interests in establishing relationships with each other, the Muscovy Trade Company formed to exploit the new trade was a commercial success, in particular with the Russian fur trade.
The year 1571 saw the creation of the London Stock Exchange. Although small in importance and with limited trading in the 16th and 17th centuries, it would grow and gradually overcome its Amsterdam competitor and prove to be the most active stock market in 18th century Europe, boosting the English trade, manufacturing and economy as a whole. England would then benefit from an easy and reliable access to credit.
Elizabeth's popularity began to wane towards the end of her reign. The war with Spain dragged on inconclusively. The parliament became less tractable and began to object to the abuse of the royally granted monopolies, which was used to reward her favorites and tolerate considerable corruption. A last Golden speech to Parliament in 1601 reaffirmed her love for her subjects, but it came in the context of a bitter clash over royal monopolies, which she ceased from.
Cromwell, Lord Protector of the English Commonwealth, promulgated the Act of Navigation in 1651. It was mostly directed against the Dutch carrier trade and provided that all goods shipped to and from England was to be transported on English ships, while also confirming the colonial exclusive policy. The Act directly caused the first English-Dutch war of 1652-1654 and the second in 1665-1667. At the Peace of Breda (1667), New Amsterdam (New York) was exchanged for Surinam (Dutch Guiana) and the Act slightly modified. It nevertheless contributed to the enormous growth in English naval and colonial trade.
The Bank of England was founded in 1694. It soon enjoyed a reputation of seriousness and reliability, in particular regarding the credibility of the English Pound Sterling, in a time where most other currencies were at the mercy of state bankruptcies and coinage debasement. This stability was preponderant in the slowly but constantly increasing domination of the world economy by Great Britain in the 18th and 19th centuries. It also allowed a greater flexibility to the British government in raising funds for warfare.
Created two years before its Dutch equivalent, the English East India Company had a difficult start. Its first trading posts in the Moluccas (Amboina) and Indonesia were soon overwhelmed and closed by the Dutch and activity concentrated to India (Madras, Bombay, Calcutta). It is there that she would know its greatest success, from a small trading ventures of harbor factories to the large Indian Empire build by Warren Hastings and Robert Clive (from 1757 onwards) that would control most of the Indian subcontinent. The company would outlast all its competitors and would only be taken over by the British government in 1867, in the wake of the great Sepoy revolt of 1857.
English philosopher Thomas Hobbes held that the state of nature was a state of strife and chaos which could be ended only if individuals agreed in a 'Social Contract' to give their liberty into the hands of a sovereign. The sovereign on his part was obliged to protect his subjects. Failure to do so would allow the people to seek a new ruler. Strangely enough Hobbes managed to offend both sides in the English Civil War and spent 11 years in Paris before he dared set foot in England again in 1651.
The Wealth of Nations' was the first great work in political economy and the corner-stone of what later became known as laissez-faire capitalism (Smith called it the system of perfect liberty). The Scotsman introduced the concept of the 'invisible hand' - the intrinsic ability of a system of perfect liberty to control itself and still give rise to an orderly society through the mechanism of competition.
Scotsman David Hume was one of the foremost philosophers of his day who is best known for his philosophical empiricism and skepticism. Taking the scientific method of the English physicist Sir Isaac Newton as his model and building on the epistemology of the English philosopher John Locke, Hume tried to describe how the mind works in acquiring what is called knowledge. He concluded that no theory of reality is possible - there can be no knowledge of anything beyond experience.
John Locke was an initiator of the Enlightenment in England and France, an inspirer of the U.S. Constitution and the author of, among other works, 'An Essay Concerning Human Understanding'. Locke held that knowledge of the world could only be gained by experience and reflection on experience, and this knowledge was being gained by Boyle, Sydenham, Christiaan, Huygens, and Newton. They were the true philosophers who were advancing knowledge.
English physicist and mathematician Isaac Newton was the culminating figure of the scientific revolution of the 17th century. In optics his discovery of the composition of white light integrated the phenomena of colors into the science of light and laid the foundation for modern physical optics. In mechanics his three laws of motion, the basic principles of modern physics, resulted in the formulation of the law of universal gravitation. In mathematics he was the original discoverer of the infinitesimal calculus. Newton's 'Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy' from 1687, was one of the most important single works in the history of modern science.
Our ruler is weak, and a pretender has risen. She calls herself Gloriana, the Virgin Queen. She promises to rule England in its first Golden Age, an age of great writers, poets, privateers, explorers, spies and sailors. With our permission, she will work with vigor to rally the nation against the Spanish menace – wearing armor to the coast and exhorting the fleet to defeat the invading Armada.
'Sense and Sensibility', 'Pride and Prejudice', 'Mansfield Park' and 'Emma', all books of romantic fiction written by Jane Austen, highlights the dependence of women on marriage to secure social standing and economic security. Her reviewers speak of her realism, biting irony, plots and social commentary. It is no wonder why her books have gained such fame both among those who read for pleasure and scholars.
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Our ruler suffers from bouts of insanity, and he suffered a complete breakdown when his son was born. Margaret of Anjou, his beautiful, passionate, proud, and strong-willed wife has already taken to rule the kingdom in his place. She understands her duty to protect the interests of the Crown fervently, a trait probably inherited from her mother and grandmother. Her mother fought to establish her husband's claim to the Kingdom of Naples. Yolande of Aragon, Margaret's grandmother, governed Anjou with a man's hand, put the province in order and kept out the English. She is the 'champion of the Crown', by virtue of personality and family example.
The architect and creator of the Dutch baroque style of architecture Pieter Post met her when she visited the Netherlands, in Veneto, Italy and the Stadtresidenz at Landshut, Germany she studied Palladio and here in England she has designed family residences, churches and many other different kinds of buildings. Elizabeth Wilbraham is a member of the English aristocracy, an important architectural patron and a renowned architect who might be the first woman architect. Due to her gender, there has been many problems for her to pursue such an profession and she has often used male architects to supervise construction in her place.
Since her arrival in $COUNTRY$, Marie Tussaud has traveled with her collection of wax portraits, including those of Louis XVI, Marie Antoinette, Marat, and Robespierre. Born in Strasbourg, two months after her father's death, Marie moved to Bern with her mother who worked as a housekeeper for the physician and wax sculptor Dr. Philippe Curtius who taught her the art of wax modeling and employed her as an artist when she showed great talent for the technique. Her very first wax figure was of Voltaire. Though we cannot be certain that she tells the truth, she claims to have been employed to teach Élisabeth, Louis XVI's sister, votive making and that the royal family was very pleased with her work. Whispers of how she searched through sanitaries to find and collect the most illustrious heads to create wax portraits of might be true, for it is certain that she was employed to make death masks of the Revolution's victims.
The lack of an heir has caused rumors at the court concerning [Root.Monarch.GetName]'s alleged infertility. This is most troubling as there are several nobles waiting in the wings, ready to claim the throne at the death of [Root.Monarch.GetName].
With the birth of an heir, [Root.Monarch.GetName] has finally dispelled the rumors of infertility.
With the final battle now won, the War of the Roses - as it will come to be known - is at an end. We must now decide how to proceed, to strengthen our position at home and abroad. Even now there are whispers of potential usurpers, including the return from exile of the ambitious Henry Tudor. It might be prudent therefore to reconcile our two houses in matrimony.
Sir Francis Walsingham was Queen Elizabeth's Private Secretary. His main achievement was the perfect organization of a secret service and spying network that proved extremely efficient in aborting all conspiracies against the Queen's life and all other political and diplomatic plots. Extremely anti-Spanish, he was also the protector of Drake and financed most of the famous privateer's early expeditions against the Iberian power.
English financier, born in London, and educated at the University of Cambridge. After attending the university, he was apprenticed to his uncle, a merchant, in whose service he displayed unusual business ability. In later years he became one of the wealthiest men in England. In 1551 he was appointed a factor, or royal agent, by King Edward VI. Charged with the management of the royal debt abroad, he virtually liquidated it by adroit financial manipulations on the bourse, or stock exchange, of Antwerp. He was knighted by Queen Elizabeth I in 1559. While serving as her financial agent abroad, Gresham found that his tasks were difficult to execute because of the lower value of English currency in relation to the currencies of other countries.
Robert Walpole, Earl of Orford (1676-1745) was appointed War Minister in 1708. Compromised in many scandals, he loses his functions but is recalled upon the advent of the Hanoverian dynasty. He fervent partisan of European overall peace and balance, he dominated English political life from 1721 to 1742, as First Lord and Exchequer, a Prime Minister in fact if not in title.
William Pitt, the first Pitt (1708-1778), was the grandson of the Governor of Madras. Initially destined for a military career, he became a deputy in the Commons, member of the Whigs and an ardent patriot. Striving to give England a world maritime empire, he lead the coalition government of 1757 despite the profound hatred of George II and obtained decisive results in Canada and India. His departure in 1763 saved France from the toughest clauses of the Treaty of Paris ending the Seven Years War. Back to power in 1766-1778 despite his poor health, he advocated war against France in 1778.
William Pitt was the second son of William Pitt, 1st earl of Chatham. In December 1783, King George III took the opportunity to dismiss the coalition and asked the 24-year-old Pitt to form a government. When Parliament reassembled in January 1784, the government was at once defeated by 39 votes on a virtual motion of censure, but Pitt refused to resign, and gradually the coalition's majority in Parliament began to crumble. By March 8 the majority against him was one vote, and on March 25 Parliament was dissolved. In 1788 he signed the Triple Alliance between Britain, Prussia, and Holland, thereby ensuring that in a future war his country would not be bereft of allies as it had been during the American Revolution. In 1790 he demonstrated Britain's renewed power and prestige by negotiating a peace between Austria and Turkey. In 1784 he passed his own India Act, creating a board of control regulating Indian affairs and the East India Company. Finally, in 1791 the Canada Constitutional Act was passed. London became responsible for the government of both Lower and Upper Canada, but both provinces were given representative assemblies.
English poet, dramatist and actor William Shakespeare is often called the English national poet and considered by many to be the greatest dramatist of all time. His plays written in the late 16th and early 17th centuries for a small repertory theater are now performed and read more often and in more countries than ever before. The prophecy of his great contemporary, the poet and dramatist Ben Jonson, that Shakespeare 'was not of an age but for all time' has been fulfilled.
[Root.OxOrBridgeLocation]
The Symposium featured a wide-ranging debate on matters of national importance. This year, the much anticipated subject was, [Root.OxOrBridgeSubject]. A great deal of pertinent information was collated by scholars from both universities, and the findings are, as usual, most noteworthy.
A few years prior to the Revolution, a “Great Reform Act” was passed by the old government which specified that only male persons may hold the right to vote, actively undermining the rights held by landowning noblewomen. Led by these disgruntled upper-class ladies, women both poor and rich took to the streets during the Revolution, marching together under the newly formed Regiment of Revolutionary [Root.GetAdjective] Women. Their marching chant “votes for women, step in time!” was sung in triumphant chorus throughout the streets of [Root.Capital.GetCapitalName] as the old government was utterly smashed by our forces. Even the most conservative amidst the Revolutionary Council cannot deny the vital role these ladies played in securing our rule of the Isles and the impact their liberal spirit has had on our national identity.
Though we made no explicit promise to extend suffrage to women, their instrumental role in breaking us free from the shackles of yesterday compels ...
This is a list of all of 
England's and 
Great Britain's events.[1]
Contents
- 1 Rebellions and religious events
- 1.1 The Lollard Heresy
- 1.2 The End of the Hundred Years War
- 1.3 The Justices of Peace
- 1.4 Support Middle-class Bureaucrats
- 1.5 Court of the Star Chamber
- 1.6 The Enclosure Movement
- 1.7 The Act of Supremacy
- 1.8 Jane Grey
- 1.9 Bloody Mary and King Felipe of England
- 1.10 The Northern Rebellion
- 1.11 Hugh O'Neill's Irish Rebellion
- 1.12 The Petition of Rights
- 1.13 The Parliamentary Conflict
- 1.14 The Decree of Indulgence and the Bill of Test
- 1.15 Jacobite Rebellion
- 1.16 Captain Jenkin's Ear
- 1.17 Jacobite Rebellion
- 1.18 The Methuen Agreement
- 1.19 The Gunpowder Plot
- 2 Economic and martial events
- 3 Notable individuals
- 4 War of the Roses events
- 5 Advisor events
- 6 Symposium
- 7 Votes for Women
- 8 Footnotes
Rebellions and religious events[edit]
id
The Lollard Heresy
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country: It is before 1500. |
Mean time to happen
60 months |
| Immediate effects
| |
 Stop the Heretics 6 random provinces of
Let them be
If
| |
id
The End of the Hundred Years War
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
One of the following:
|
Mean time to happen
12 months |
| Immediate effects
If
| |
We have lost our foothold in France The country:
We will never give this up! The country:
| |
id
The Justices of Peace
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1485, but before 1509. |
Mean time to happen
72 months |
Yes, we need them The country:
If the country has the
No, that is the Noblemen's job
If the country has the
| |
id
Support Middle-class Bureaucrats
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is st least 1485 but before 1550. |
Mean time to happen
600 months |
Give them our support The country:
If the country has not enacted one of the highest tier government reforms
Prohibit them from working in the Government The country:
| |
id
Court of the Star Chamber
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is st least 1470 but before 1600. |
Mean time to happen
390 months |
Yes, we need one The country:
If the country has not enacted one of the highest tier government reforms
No, we don't
| |
id
The Enclosure Movement
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is st least 1509 but before 1521. |
Mean time to happen
120 months |
Reform The country:
The capital of the country:
Do not reform
| |
id
The Act of Supremacy
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
It is least 1530 but before 1560. |
Mean time to happen
72 months |
Take Command of the Church of England The country:
Accept Rome's Supremacy
| |
id
Jane Grey
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1530 but before 1560. |
Mean time to happen
360 months Modifier: The country:
|
Her claim will not be recognized! The country:
| |
id
Bloody Mary and King Felipe of England
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1500 but before 1600. |
Mean time to happen
600 months Modifier: The country:
|
Reinstate Papal power over Church of England The country:
Confirm religious freedom for all The country:
| |
id
The Northern Rebellion
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1500 but before 1600. |
Mean time to happen
2000 months Modifier: The country:
|
Keep Norfolk in the Tower and smash the rebels
If the country does not have the modifier “Increased Narrow-minded”
If the province belongs to the country, then
Keep Norfolk in the Tower and start to negotiate The counrty:
If the country owns Northumberland (246)
Release Norfolk The country:
| |
id
Hugh O'Neill's Irish Rebellion
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1520 but before 1616. |
Mean time to happen
1200 months Modifier: The country:
|
We are not amused!
| |
id
The Petition of Rights
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1600 but before 1700. |
Mean time to happen
1800 months Modifier: The country:
|
Sign it The country:
Refuse to sign it The country:
5 random non-capital provinces of the country:
| |
id
The Parliamentary Conflict
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1600 but before 1700. |
Mean time to happen
300 months Modifier: It is at least 1670: ×0.7
|
Immediate effects
| |
Combat the Parliament The country:
Submit to the Parliament The country:
| |
id
The Decree of Indulgence and the Bill of Test
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1600 but before 1700. |
Mean time to happen
1200 months |
Religious Freedom for All The country:
Protestant Supremacy The country:
Catholic Supremacy The country:
| |
id
Jacobite Rebellion
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1700 but before 1800. |
Mean time to happen
1400 months |
We will smash them! If the country owns a province of the Highlands
| |
id
Captain Jenkin's Ear
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1700 but before 1800. |
Mean time to happen
1500 months |
Use it as an excuse for War The country:
Try not to severe our relation too much The country:
| |
id
Jacobite Rebellion
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1700 but before 1800. |
Mean time to happen
1400 months |
We will smash them! If the country owns a province of the Highlands
| |
id
The Methuen Agreement
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1650 but before 1700. |
Mean time to happen
500 months |
Accept the Agreement The country:
A random coastal province of the country in Britain (region):
Denounce the Agreement
| |
id
The Gunpowder Plot
The Fifth of November,
Gunpowder treason and plot.
I know of no reason,
Why the gunpowder treason,
Should ever be forgot.'
A plot to blow up the King and the Houses of Parliament has been discovered! The conspirators, led by Guy Fawkes and Robert Catesby, hid barrels of gunpowder below the Houses of Parliament and planned to detonate them when the Houses were in session with the King attending. Their goal was to seize control of the government and restore England to Catholicism. The conspirators will undoubtedly be executed, but how should we react towards Catholics as a whole?
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1600 but before 1650. |
Mean time to happen
600 months |
Punish all Catholics!
If
If
Punish only the obvious conspirators The country:
| |
Economic and martial events[edit]
id
The Admiralty
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1500. |
Mean time to happen
1200 months |
Let us authorize the Admiralty The country:
Let us institute the Royal Army instead The country:
| |
id
The Royal Army
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1500. |
Mean time to happen
1200 months |
Let us institute the Royal Army The country:
Let us authorize the Admiralty instead The country:
| |
id
The Muscovy Trade Company
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
The year is at least 1540 but before 1640. |
Mean time to happen
300 months |
We will exploit this! The country gets the trade modifier “The Muscovy Trade Company” in the White Sea trade node until the end of the campaign, | |
id
The Creation of the London Stock Exchange
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1500 but before 1600. |
Mean time to happen
800 months |
Expand Loan Market The country:
Issue Strict Control The country:
| |
id
The Canceling of Royal Monopolies
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1500, but before 1650. |
Mean time to happen
1000 months |
Cancel them! The country:
Strengthen them! The country:
| |
id
The Act of Navigation
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1600 but before 1700. |
Mean time to happen
2000 months |
Enact The country:
The present policy is perfect
| |
id
The Creation of Bank of England
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1650. |
Mean time to happen
1200 months Modifier: The country:
|
Institute it The country:
| |
id
The East India Company
Trigger conditions
|
Is triggered only by
the decision ‘Indian Trade Company’. |
We will exploit this!
| |
Notable individuals[edit]
id
Hobbes publishes 'Leviathan'
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1651, but before 1670. |
Mean time to happen
300 months |
Excellent The country:
If the country has not enacted one of the highest tier government reforms
| |
id
Adam Smith publishes 'The Wealth of Nations'
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1776, but before 1790. |
Mean time to happen
300 months |
Excellent The country:
If the country has not enacted one of the highest tier government reforms
| |
id
David Hume
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1750, but before 1776. |
Mean time to happen
300 months |
Excellent The country:
If the country has not enacted one of the highest tier government reforms
| |
id
John Locke
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1689, but before 1700. |
Mean time to happen
300 months |
Excellent The country:
If the country has not enacted one of the highest tier government reforms
| |
id
Isaac Newton
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1687, but before 1713. |
Mean time to happen
300 months |
Excellent The country:
| |
id
Queen Elizabeth I
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
The year is between 1533 and 1603. |
Mean time to happen
200 months |
Abdicate the throne to her. Get a new female consort Elizabeth of Tudor dynasty with:
If the country uses ‘Statists vs Monarchists’ mechanics:
Hire her as an advisor
| |
id
Jane Austen
This event happens only once during a campaign.
Trigger conditions
The year is at least 1775. |
Mean time to happen
200 months |
Our country benefits from having such a famous writer! Gain the “Jane Austen” country modifier for
Our court is in need of a woman like that!
| |
id
Margaret of Anjou
This event happens only once during a campaign.
Trigger conditions
The year is before 1500. |
Mean time to happen
200 months |
She will rule us! Get a new female ruler Margaret of d'Anjou dynasty with:
If the country uses ‘Statists vs Monarchists’ mechanics:
Her words are wise and her personality strong. Make her an advisor.
| |
id
Elizabeth Wilbraham
This event happens only once during a campaign.
Trigger conditions
The year is between 1632 and 1705. |
Mean time to happen
200 months |
Her accomplishments will not go unnoticed. Gain the “Elizabeth Wilbraham” country modifier for
Acclaim her as an architect and hire her!
| |
id
Madame Tussaud
This event happens only once during a campaign.
Trigger conditions
The year is at least 1761. |
Mean time to happen
200 months |
A fascinating woman who will find her place at our court as an advisor!
That is... bizarre but interesting. Gain 50 | |
War of the Roses events[edit]
id
Lack of an Heir
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is before 1500. |
Mean time to happen
60 months |
Most troubling indeed
| |
id
Rumors Dispelled
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
|
Mean time to happen
1 month |
I will surely prove them wrong The country:
| |
id
The Rise of a Dynasty
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
The ‘War of the Roses’ ended not more than 10 years ago. |
Mean time to happen
1 month |
There will never be reconciliation between our two dynasties! The country:
Every province of the country:
It is time for peace, let us join our two houses together in marriage. The country:
| |
Advisor events[edit]
id
Sir Francis Walsingham
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1550 but before 1590. |
Mean time to happen
300 months |
An Excellent Minister! The country:
| |
id
Sir Thomas Gresham's Currency Reform
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1537 but before 1579. |
Mean time to happen
300 months |
Reform The country:
If the country has not enacted one of the highest tier government reforms
London (236):
| |
id
Sir Robert Walpole
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1700 bt before 1745. |
Mean time to happen
300 months |
An Excellent Minister! The country:
| |
id
William Pitt the Elder
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1735 but before 1778. |
Mean time to happen
300 months |
An Excellent Minister! The country:
| |
id
William Pitt the Younger
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1781 but before 1806. |
Mean time to happen
300 months |
An Excellent Minister! The country:
| |
id
William Shakespeare
| Trigger conditions
The country:
It is at least 1593 but before 1616. |
Mean time to happen
300 months |
Glory to our Nation! The country:
| |
Symposium[edit]
id
[Root.OxOrBridgeTitle] Symposium
The Symposium featured a wide-ranging debate on matters of national importance. This year, the much anticipated subject was, [Root.OxOrBridgeSubject]. A great deal of pertinent information was collated by scholars from both universities, and the findings are, as usual, most noteworthy.
 |
Available only with the Rule Britannia DLC enabled. |
| Trigger conditions
The country:
|
Is triggered only by
by completing the mission ‘Renovate Oxbridge’ and following through this event. |
Splendid If the theme of the symposium:
There will be another Symposium in 10 years.
| |
Votes for Women[edit]
id
The Soldiers in Petticoats
Though we made no explicit promise to extend suffrage to women, their instrumental role in breaking us free from the shackles of yesterday compels ...
This event happens only once during a campaign.
| Trigger conditions
The country:
|
Mean time to happen
24 months |
Enact the reforms! Our daughters’ daughters will adore us! The country:
Catastrophe! Anarchy! In short, we have a ghastly mess! The country:
| |
Footnotes[edit]
- ↑ The script code of these events can be found in /Europa Universalis IV/events/flavorENG.txt.
- ↑ The
‘Rule Britannia’ DLC enables the 
Anglican faith. Great Britain or England may then get the event ‘The Church of $COUNTRY$’ insteed.
